Spanish Study
Vocabulary library
Search the most useful verbs and nouns, then save anything you want to review.
Conjugations
Learn what each tense means, then enter a verb to see all six subject forms.
Verb conjugator
When to use each tense
The endings below show regular patterns. Irregular and stem-changing verbs can use different forms.
Present
Use it for what happens now, repeated habits, facts, and near-future plans.
Estudio español cada día.- yo-o
- tú-as / -es
- él, ella, usted-a / -e
- nosotros/as-amos / -emos / -imos
- vosotros/as-áis / -éis / -ís
- ellos, ustedes-an / -en
Preterite
Use it for a completed past action with a clear beginning or ending.
Ayer terminé la tarea.- yo-é / -í
- tú-aste / -iste
- él, ella, usted-ó / -ió
- nosotros/as-amos / -imos
- vosotros/as-asteis / -isteis
- ellos, ustedes-aron / -ieron
Imperfect
Use it for repeated past habits, descriptions, time, age, or background action.
De niño, jugaba afuera.- yo-aba / -ía
- tú-abas / -ías
- él, ella, usted-aba / -ía
- nosotros/as-ábamos / -íamos
- vosotros/as-abais / -íais
- ellos, ustedes-aban / -ían
Future
Use it for what will happen or for a guess about the present. Add these endings to the full infinitive.
Mañana estudiaré.- yo-é
- tú-ás
- él, ella, usted-á
- nosotros/as-emos
- vosotros/as-éis
- ellos, ustedes-án
Conditional
Use it for what would happen, polite requests, or hypothetical situations. Add these endings to the full infinitive.
Yo viajaría contigo.- yo-ía
- tú-ías
- él, ella, usted-ía
- nosotros/as-íamos
- vosotros/as-íais
- ellos, ustedes-ían
Grammar essentials
Short references for the rules students use most often.
Subject pronouns
yo, tú, él/ella/usted, nosotros/as, vosotros/as, ellos/ellas/ustedes.
Ella estudia español.Articles and gender
Use el/un with most masculine nouns and la/una with most feminine nouns. Plurals use los/unos and las/unas.
el libro · la mesaAdjective agreement
Many adjectives change to match a noun's gender and number.
un chico alto · unas chicas altasSer and estar
Ser commonly describes identity and characteristics. Estar commonly describes states and locations.
Es amable. · Está cansado.Questions
Spanish questions use opening and closing question marks. Common question words carry accent marks.
¿Qué haces? · ¿Dónde vives?Accent marks
Written accents can show stress or distinguish words that otherwise look alike.
tú / tu · él / el · sí / siPractice
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